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BNC: 40 COCA: 40
if
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conjunction /ɪf/
  1. 1
    in a possible or imagined situation
    1. a.
      used for introducing a situation that may happen or may be real, especially when talking about its results （尤用於談論可能發生或可能存在的情況的結果）如果，若

      If we miss the last bus, we'll have to walk home. 如果我們錯過末班車，就得步行回家。

      If anyone has found a bunch of keys, would they please leave them on my desk. 若有人拾到一串鑰匙，請放在我桌上。

      if you want/like :

      You can come and stay with us if you want. 如果你願意，可以過來和我們呆在一起。

      if so (=if this is true) 如果是的話 :

      Are you planning to return to work, and if so, who is going to look after the baby? 你是否打算回去工作，如果是的話，誰來照顧孩子？

      if not (=if this is not true) 如果不是的話 :

      Has anyone dealt with the technical problems? And if not, why not? 有人來解決這些技術問題了嗎？如果沒有，那是爲什麽？

      if necessary/if possible (=if it is necessary/possible) 如果必要/可能的話 :

      We are ready to fight for our rights if necessary. 我們已經準備好必要時爲自己的權利而戰。

      I should like to be back here by 10.30 if possible. 如果可能的話，我會在 10∶30 前返回。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used for introducing a situation or condition that must exist before something else happens （用於引出某事發生的條件）如果，前提是

      Okay I'll come with you if you'll promise not to go too fast. 行，我和你一塊來，前提是你保證不要走得太快。

      only if :

      The rebels say they are ready to stop fighting, but only if the prisoners are released. 叛亂者聲稱只有釋放那些罪犯，他們才準備停止戰鬥。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    3. c.
      used for introducing a situation that does not exist now and is unlikely or impossible, especially when talking about its imaginary results （尤用於談論不可能或不存在的情況的假想的結果）如果，假使

      If Luke paid more attention in class, he would achieve better results. 如果盧克上課時再專心些，他會取得更好的成績。

      If Freud were alive today, he would approve of our methods. 假使弗洛伊德今天還活着，他會贊成我們的方法。

      If you should happen to meet Diane, would you give her a message. 如果你真碰見黛安娜，幫我給她捎個信兒好嗎？

      If anyone were to complain, I should merely tell them to write to the manager. 如果有人投訴，我只會告訴他們寫信給經理。

      even if :

      I'd never sell this painting, even if they offered me a million dollars. 我決不會賣這幅畫，即使他們出100萬美元。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    4. d.
      used for introducing a situation that might have existed in the past but did not exist, especially when talking about what its results might have been （尤用於談論過去本來可能存在卻並不存在的情況的可能的結果）如果，要是

      If I'd known you were coming, I would have had a meal ready for you. 如果我早知你會來，我就會爲你準備好飯了。

      If the new safety system had been in use, the accident would never have happened. 要是新的保安系統已投入使用，這場事故決不會發生。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  2. 2
    used for introducing a situation that always has the same result, meaning, or effect （用於引出總是擁有同一結果、意義或效果的情況）只要，如果

    I always get a headache if I watch too much television. 只要看電視時間過長，我就會頭痛。

    If you drive without insurance, you're breaking the law. 如果沒有投保就開車，你就違法了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  3. 3
    whether
    1. a.
      used in indirect questions that ask whether something is true （用於間接疑問句中）是否

      She asked me if I was fond of music. 她問我是否喜歡音樂。

      Can you tell me if they're planning to come? 你能告訴我他們是否打算過來嗎？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when talking about something that is not certain （用於表示對某事不確定）是否

      I doubt if anyone will be interested in the programme. 我懷疑是否有人會對這個計劃感興趣。

      Palmer still hasn't decided if he's going to play in Saturday's match. 帕爾默還沒有決定是否要參加星期六的比賽。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  4. 4
    used for introducing the reason that you think someone may want to know something （用於引出自己認爲某人想要知道某事的原因）如果

    There are plenty of taxis if you're in a hurry. 如果你要趕時間，這兒有許多出租車。

    If you really want to know, I'm fed up with this stupid job. 如果你真想知道的話，那就是我受夠了這愚蠢的工作。

    If anyone asks you where I am, I'll be in the library. 如果有人問起你我在哪裏，說我會在圖書館。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  5. 5
    used for saying how you feel about a possibility
    1. a.
      used for saying how you feel about the possibility that something may happen or be true （用於表示對可能發生或存在的事情的感覺）如果

      I'm sorry if I've said anything that has caused offence. 如果我說的話有冒犯之處，我表示抱歉。

      I don't care if I never see her again. 如果再也見不到她，我也不在乎。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when expressing an opinion about an imagined situation （用於表示對設想之情況的看法）要是，如果

      It would be a pity if they had to cancel the show. 如果他們不得不取消這場表演，那真是遺憾。

      Wouldn't it be nice if we could spend more time with the children? 要是我們能和孩子們多呆一些時間不是很好嗎？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  6. 6
    used in requests spoken
    1. a.
      used when politely asking someone to do something or when asking for permission to do something （用於表示禮貌地請某人做某事或請求某人的同意）如果

      I would be grateful if you would send me further details of the programme. 如果您能給我寄些有關該計劃的更詳細的資料我將不勝感激。

      if you don't mind/if it's all right with you :

      If you don't mind, I'd like to sit at the back. 如果你不介意，我想坐在後排。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when politely trying to add something to a conversation or discussion （用於表示試圖在談話或討論中禮貌地補充某事物）如果

      If I could just make a suggestion – why don't we invite Andrew to our next meeting? 如果我可以提個建議的話，我們何不邀請安德魯參加我們的下一次會議？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  7. 7
    used for introducing a remark that makes your description seem slightly less positive or certain （用於引出使自己的描述稍顯不太肯定的評論）盡管

    The stories are basically true, if a little exaggerated. 這些故事基本屬實，盡管有一點兒誇張。

    Donald's essays are always interesting, if sometimes rather careless. 唐納德的文章總是很有趣，盡管有時候相當草率馬虎。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  8. 8
    used for referring to something that someone may have noticed, before explaining the reason for it （用於表示某人可能已經注意到某事物，然後進行解釋）如果，要是

    If I seem angry sometimes, it's usually because I'm very tired. 如果我有時看上去有些生氣，通常是因爲太累。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  9. 9
    used for suggesting that something may possibly be more or less, better or worse etc than you have stated （用於表示某事物可能與所陳述的有出入）

    Fodor's predictions have seldom if ever been proved wrong. 福多爾的預言很少被證明是錯的。

    if not :

    The changes will affect thousands, if not millions, of ordinary people. 這些變化即使不會影響到數百萬普通民衆，至少也會影響到幾千人。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  10. 10
    spoken used for introducing a negative expression to emphasize that you think something is very surprising or shocking （用於引出否定表達方式，強調某事物令人吃驚或震驚）

    Well, if that isn't the stupidest thing I ever heard! 啊，這簡直是我聽過的最愚蠢的事！

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
See also
if
noun /ɪf/

phrases

  • ifs and buts

    attempts to argue against doing something or to suggest difficulties 托詞；借口

    Let's have no ifs and buts, I'm determined to proceed with the plan. 我們别再找托詞了，我決心要將計劃進行下去。

     Synonyms and related words
    Arguments: argument, disagreement, conflict...

  • it's/that's a big if

    used for emphasizing that something is not certain at all （用於強調某事的不確定性）這僅僅是個假設而已

    If we move – and that's a big if – I'll have to find a new job. 如果我們搬走——這僅僅是個假設而已——我就得去找份新工作。

     Synonyms and related words
    Not likely to happen: unlikely, doubtful, remote...

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